Glossary of Terms
accordion fold – a method of folding in which each crease open in the opposite direction to its neighbor, giving a concertina or pleated effect.
Acrobat – Adobe software suite used to convert electronic documents into Adobe PDF files that can be viewed, annotated, and 1xbet best casino website on any
computer.
art – in graphic arts usage, all matter other than 1xbet best casino website material e.g. illustrations and photographs.
ascender – That part of a lower case letter which rises above the main body, as in “b”.
Author’s Alterations (A.A’s) – Author or client corrections and/or changes made in 1xbet best casino website at the proof stages; these are not due to printer’s error and are therefore chargeable to the customer. All corrections should be marked in red ink or pen. A.A.’s are expensive and should be kept to a minimum.
banding – a visible stair-stepping of shades in a gradient.
banner – a large headline or title extending across the full page width.
bar code – a pattern of vertical lines of varying thickness identifying details of a product, conforming to the Universal Product Code (UPC).
binding – the various methods 1xbet best casino website to secure loose leaves or sections in a book; e.g. saddle-stitch, perfect bound.
bitmapped 1xbet best casino website – also referred to as "pixilated" used to refer to an 1xbet best casino website that has too low of a resolution or linescreen for the output resolution ("That 1xbet best casino website looks bitmapped."; line art scanned at 72 dpi{typical web site graphic} when it is to be printed at 2540 dpi will be very coarsely bitmapped).
bitmapped font – a font made up of bitmapped letters, characterized byjagged edges, as opposed to the smooth edges of an outline font.
bleed – layout, 1xbet best casino website , or pictures that extend beyond the trim marks on a page. Illustrations that spread to the edge of the paper without margins are
referred to as 'bled off'.
body – the main 1xbet best casino website of the work but not including headlines.
bold 1xbet best casino website – 1xbet best casino website with a heavier darker appearance. Most typefaces have a bold face.
border – a continuous decorative design or rule surrounding the matter on the page.
bullet – a large dot preceding 1xbet best casino website to add emphasis.
card stock – also known as cover paper. A stiff rigid paper 1xbet best casino website for postcards, manual covers or table tents.
caption – the line or lines of 1xbet best casino website that refer to information identifying a picture or illustration.
carbonless – paper coated with chemicals and dye which 1xbet best casino website produce copies without carbon paper. Also referred to as NCR (No Carbon Required).
CMYK – cyan, yellow, magenta, black. The subtractive primaries, or process colors, used in 1xbet best casino website printing. Black (K) is usually added to enhance 1xbet best casino website and to print a true black. See subtractive primaries, four 1xbet best casino website process.
coated – printing papers which after making have had a surface coating with clay etc, to give a smoother, more even finish with greater opacity.
coil binding – (also known as "spiral binding"), is a method of binding that secures pre-trimmed sheets by the insertion of wire or plastic spirals through holes drilled in the binding edge. Similar to plastic binding, but more permanent.
collate – to gather separate sections or leaves of a book together in the correct order for binding.
1xbet best casino website correction – the process of adjusting an 1xbet best casino website to compensate for scanner deficiencies or for the characteristics of the output device.
1xbet best casino website proof – 1xbet best casino website proof output by our digital printers. If the final productis not going to be printed on by the Digital Printer do not consider the 1xbet best casino website absolute. (This is a good time to check for spelling, punctuation errors, font substitution, graphic problems and layout.)
composition – the development and assembling of 1xbet best casino website , and artwork into a single document for reproduction and printing.
contact person – the individual responsible for proofing a job in progress.
copyright – the right of copyright gives protection to the originator of material to prevent use without express permission or acknowledgment of the originator.
crop marks – lines 1xbet best casino website along the margins showing the dimensions of the final 1xbet best casino website page. These marks are used for final trimming.
cropping – the elimination of parts of a photograph or other original that are not required to be printed. Cropping allows the remaining parts of the 1xbet best casino website to be enlarged to fill the space.
cutting – a function of bindery.
decender – the part of a lower case letter which extends below the main body, as in “p”.
die cut – the trimming or cutting of a document into a pattern or shape.
digital 1xbet best casino website printer – 400 dpi 1xbet best casino website laser printer used for proofing and certain productions jobs. Best for smaller runs with a quick turnaround.
dot gain – a printing defect in which dots print larger than intended, causing darker colors or tones, due to the spreading of ink on stock. The more absorbent the stock, the more dot gain. Can vary by 1xbet best casino website of ink as well.
1xbet best casino website – dots per inch. A measure of output 1xbet best casino website produced by printers,imagesetters, or monitors.
downloadable fonts – 1xbet best casino website faces which can be stored on a disk and then downloaded to the printer when required for printing. These are, by definition, bit-mapped fonts and, therefore, fixed in size and style.
drop cap – a large initial letter at the start of the 1xbet best casino website that drops into theline or lines of 1xbet best casino website below.
duotones – A common printing technique by which a halftone is printedin two colors - most often black and another 1xbet best casino website
em – in printing terms 1xbet best casino website is a square unit with edges equal in size to the
chosen point size. 1xbet best casino website gets its name from the letter M which originallywas as wide as the type size.
em dash – a dash 1xbet best casino website in punctuation the length of one em which is slightly longer than the standard dash.
EPS – Encapsulated PostScript. A file format 1xbet best casino website to transfer PostScript imageinformation from one program to another. The preferred file format for saving images, as it is resolution independent, as opposed to TIFF because it has been created using vectors.
finished size – the dimensions of a finished print job after folding and binding.
flat size – the dimensions of a finished print job before folding and binding.
flush left – copy aligned along the left margin.
flush right – copy aligned along the right margin.
flyer – an inexpensively produced circular 1xbet best casino website for promotional distribution. Usually a single page document.
foil stamping – a process for stamping a design on a sheet without ink by using a colored foil with pressure from a heated die or block.
font – a complete set of characters in a typeface.
four 1xbet best casino website process – printing in full 1xbet best casino website using four 1xbet best casino website separation negatives– yellow, magenta, cyan and black. When blended, these four colors reproduce only a small portion of all the colors found in nature, but theycan reproduce the widest range with the fewest inks when printing.
gatefold – an oversize page where both sides fold into the gutter in overlapping layers. 1xbet best casino website to accommodate maps into books.
Gif – graphics interchange format file. The gif format is commonly 1xbet best casino website to pass documents between computers. This is a highly compressed format
(using (LZW compressing that is design to minimize file transfer time overphone lines. Gif format only supports 8 bit 1xbet best casino website (256 different colors ).
gradation – a smooth transition between black and white, one 1xbet best casino website and another, or 1xbet best casino website and the lack of it.
grayscale – an 1xbet best casino website mode that defines how the information in the imageis to be stored and imaged. This format is generally used for halftonesbecause it stores the information for each pixel as a level of gray. There are 256 levels of gray I a halftone. handwork – bindery procedures that cannot be completed by a machine (usually adds cost to your job).
high 1xbet best casino website – 300 DPI imposition – refers to the arrangement of pageson a 1xbet best casino website sheet, which when the sheet is finally 1xbet best casino website on both sides, folded and trimmed, will place the pages in their correct order.
imprint – when text is 1xbet best casino website on preprinted stock on another press to add information.
JPEG – joint photographics experts group (jpeg) compression economizes on the way data is stored and also identifies and discards “extra” data, that is , information beyond what the human eye can see. Because it discardsdata, the JPEG algorithm is referred to as “lossy.” This means that once an 1xbet best casino website has been compressed and then decompressed, it will not be identical to the original 1xbet best casino website and some visual quality is lost in the process and cannot be restored
justify – the alignment of 1xbet best casino website along a margin or both margins. This is achievedby adjusting the spacing between the words and characters as necessary sothat each line of 1xbet best casino website finishes at the same point.
kerning – in typesetting, reducing space between two characters, making themcloser.
knockout – a shape or object 1xbet best casino website by eliminating (knocking out) allbackground colors. Contrast to overprinting.
laminate – a thin transparent plastic coating applied to paper or board toprovide protection and give 1xbet best casino website a glossy finish.
landscape- work in which the width 1xbet best casino website is greater than the height.
layout – a sketch of a page for printing showing the position of 1xbet best casino website and illustrations and giving general instructions.
lead or leading – space added between lines of type to space out 1xbet best casino website andprovide visual separation of the lines.
lines per inch (lpi) – a measure of the frequency of a halftone screen (usually ranging from 55-200). Lpi refers to the frequency of the horizontal and vertical lines.
matte – a coated printing paper with a dull surface.
metallic ink – printing inks which produce an effect gold, silver, bronze or metallic colors.
mock up – the assembling of all elements, to form the printed 1xbet best casino website (shows the printer what the job should look like when it is complete).
moiré – the noticeable, unwanted pattern generated by scanning or rescreeninga piece of art that already contains a dot pattern. This effect 1xbet best casino website also be
caused by the misalignment of screen angles in 1xbet best casino website work. A checkered effect on the printed half-tone will result.
montage – a single 1xbet best casino website formed from the assembling of several images.
offset – a method in which the plate or cylinder transfers an ink 1xbet best casino website to anoffset or transfer roller, which then transfers the 1xbet best casino website to stock.
opacity – term 1xbet best casino website to describe the degree to which paper will show print through.
orphan – line of 1xbet best casino website on its own at the top or bottom of a page.
outline – a typeface in which the characters are formed with only the outline defined rather than from solid strokes.
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PDF – (Portable Document 1xbet best casino website ) electronic document that can be output by any printer.
pagination – the numbering of pages.
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parallel fold – a method of folding; eg two parallel folds 1xbet best casino website produce a six page sheet.
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pica – printing industry unit of measurement 1 pica – 1/6 inch or 12 points.
PICT – another type of image format. A PICT file can contain black and white,1xbet best casino website , or grayscale information. As can a TIFF or EPS file. A PICT image
uses a language called QuickDraw to render the graphic. QuickDraw is limited in precision and cannot contain complex curves or special text effects, so a PICT 1xbet best casino website is therefore a poor choice for imagesetting to film or plate. A PICT file is acceptable for digital or low resolution output.
pixel – the smallest distinct unit of a bitmapped 1xbet best casino website displayed on a screen. If an item is considered "pixelated" the resolution is too low.
plates – a thin metal sheet precoated with light sensitive coating. The imageto be 1xbet best casino website is burned onto the plate in preparation for the presses.
platesetter – a device that uses laser light or thermal imaging to expose printing plates at high dpi 1xbet best casino website , usually 1200 dpi or higher. When
generating screens or dots for halftones, each dot is created from smallerdots that are determined by the dpi 1xbet best casino website .
plastic binding – similar technique to Spiral/Coil binding, however, 1xbet best casino website involveslarger "teeth" and is more cost efficient. You can come back and add
pages at a later time if needed.
plastic wrap – also known as Shrink Wrapping is 1xbet best casino website to protect shipped orders.
point – the standard unit of 1xbet best casino website size of which there are 72 to the inch (onepoint is approximately 0.01383in). Point size is the measured from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the descender. portrait – an uprightimage or page where the height is greater than the width.
portrait – work in which the height 1xbet best casino website is greater than the width.
proof – a copy of the project obtained from a digital printer for checking consistency and accuracy of how a finished piece is intended to look.
ream – 500 sheets of paper.
registration – the alignment of different printing plates to produce a printed 1xbet best casino website . Misregistration causes unwanted effects to appear in the printed 1xbet best casino website such as moiré, outlines around objects, or fuzziness of fine lines.
1xbet best casino website – refers to the quality of an 1xbet best casino website , measured in ppi (pixels per inch)or dpi (dots per inch).
revise – indicates the stages at which corrections have been incorporated fromearlier proofs and new proofs submitted. Eg. First revision, second revision.
runaround – the ability within a program to run 1xbet best casino website around a graphic imagewithin a document, without the need to adjust each line manually.
saddle stitching – a method of binding where the folded pages are stitchedthrough the spine from the outside, using wire staples. Usually limited
to 64 pages.
sans serif – a typeface that has no serifs (small strokes at the end of main stroke of the character). Helvetica, Geneva, and Arial are examples of
sans-serif fonts.
scaling – a means of calculating the amount of enlargement or reductionnecessary to accommodate a photograph within the area of a design.
score – to press a mark in a sheet of paper, usually cover stock, to make foldingeasier - often necessary 1xbet best casino website a fold must be made against the paper’s grain.
serif – a small cross stroke at the end of the main stroke of the letter.
spine – the binding edge of a book.
spot 1xbet best casino website – small area printed in a second 1xbet best casino website .
spread – two facing pages of a multi-paged document.
subscript – the small characters set below the normal letters or figures.
superscript – the small characters set above the normal letters or figures.
stock – refers to paper 1xbet best casino website for a printing job.
TIFF – Tagged Image File Format. Another type of image file format, TIFF files can include 1xbet best casino website or grayscale information. The quality of the image is determined by its resolution or dpi. If the resolution is too low the imagewill appear jagged or have a stair-stepped effect. Once the resolution hasbeen determined, either by scanning or by saving in an image-manipulation software package, it cannot be upgraded or increased to improve quality
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typeface – a complete set of characters forming a family in a particular designor style.
varnishing – a finishing process whereby a transparent varnish is applied over the 1xbet best casino website sheet to produce a glossy finish.
vignette – an illustration in which the background fades gradually away fromits edge.
weight – refers to the thickness (heaviness) of paper, a typical weight is #60,which you might use for your own computer printer.
wide format 1xbet best casino website proof – is an accurate representation of how your 1xbet best casino website will fall on your finished job. This is a good time to make sure everything is showing up right and that nothing has shifted. (This is NOT the time to check spelling, and punctuation because of the cost to make such changes.)
widow – a single word left on the last line of a paragraph which falls at the top of a page.
