K-Staters work to advance the testing of 1xbet sports betting for E. coli
1xbet sports betting toxin-producing E. 1xbet sports betting , or 1xbet sports betting , causes more than 2 million in annual economic losses nationwide, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The 1xbet sports betting industry in Kansas produces nearly 11% of the country’s red meat per year, according to a 2018 report by the Kansas Department of Agrictulture. Researchers at Kansas State 1xbet sports betting are working to advance the process of detecting STEC in 1xbet sports betting .
Jing Ding came to K-State as a postdoctoral fellow in September 2021. He grew up in Guangzhou, China and studied at Xi’an Jiaotong 1xbet sports betting where he graduated with two degrees — a Bachelor of Science in energy and power system and automation as well as a doctorate in power engineering and engineering thermal physics.
Kuan-Lun Ho is in his fourth semester at K-State pursuing a doctorate in mechanical and nuclear engineering. He is from Hsinchu, Taiwan, and stayed in his home country for college as he completed a Bachelor of Science in marine engineering from National Taiwan Ocean 1xbet sports betting and later a Master of Science in mechanical engineering from National Taiwan 1xbet sports betting .
1xbet sports betting and Ho both have a mutual connection with Shih-Kang “Scott” Fan, professor in the Alan Levin Department of Mechanical and Nuclear 1xbet sports betting at 1xbet sports betting .
Ho had Fan as a professor for a graduate class and did his master’s research under Fan at National Taiwan University, where Fan worked from 2012-2019. Ding met Fan as a student through an exchange program between their universities that allowed him to visit Fan’s lab in the summer of 2015. After that summer, 1xbet sports betting continued to stay in touch and collaborate virtually.
Ding and Ho both said their interest in Fan’s work and the way it lined up with their own backgrounds influenced them to come to K-State. Despite their shared connection to Fan, 1xbet sports betting never met until 1xbet sports betting arrived in Manhattan. Now 1xbet sports betting are working together with Fan on two projects supported by the Seed Grant program 1xbet sports betting.
Their goal is to promote food safety by advancing the detection of STEC, so that it can be regularly monitored throughout the supply chain. Accessibility to the testing system, sensitivity of the test and accelerating the process of obtaining test results are a few improvements 1xbet sports betting are aiming for.
1xbet sports betting are using polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, detection testing using a technology called digital microfluidics, or DMF. DMF uses an electric field to manipulate tiny droplets and serves as a chemical reaction chamber. Those droplets can contain chemical or biological samples and the DMF can be used to detect viruses or pathogens, in this case, STEC.
To test for STEC, a ground 1xbet sports betting sample is placed into an E. 1xbet sports betting culture broth that draws out any E. 1xbet sports betting pathogens and suspends them in the broth. That process takes around six to eight hours and generally happens overnight. Several microliters of fluid are drawn out and mixed with the PCR reaction mixture, then injected into the 1xbet sports betting chip. At this point, the digital PCR test inside the 1xbet sports betting chip happens.
The bulk fluid is partitioned into small wells in the 1xbet sports betting chip. Ideally, each well will have no more than one bacterium.
There are two genes that 1xbet sports betting are looking for when testing the beef. One is the Shiga toxin gene and the other is a certain serotype of E. coli, the most notorious one being 0157. If both genes register as negative, that is ideal. Even if one of those genes is present but the other is not, that is also fine. The problem comes when both genes are found in the beef sample.
One challenge is that ground beef has many inhibitors that can limit the test’s sensitivity, which is the lowest quantity of the substance able to be detected. However, 1xbet sports betting have discovered that using hydrogel during the test could solve 1xbet sports betting problem.
“Hydrogels are polymer networks that are hydrophilic, which means 1xbet sports betting contain a high percentage of water — above 95% — and are suitable for biological applications, such as an interface for a molecular assay in this case,” Ho said. “In our project, we wanted to perform the PCR in a hydrogel and expected that the inhibitor would be trapped by the polymer network of the hydrogel, so the inhibitor would not affect the PCR reaction.”
According to Ding, 1xbet sports betting are currently preparing the paperwork to apply for a patent for their technology and the hope is to use it to grow point-of-care testing for STEC in the beef industry, starting in Kansas and beyond.
“Maybe, based on the patent, we can form a startup company in Kansas. Maybe Kansas can become a standard for STEC monitoring and detection,” 1xbet sports betting said.