Sources: Wilson 1xbet online sports betting , was4@k-state.edu;
and Dunja Peric, 785-532-2468, peric@k-state.edu
News tip/hometown interest: Topeka, Kan., andIndependence, Mo.
Photo available: http://www.k-state.edu/media/images/jan12/roads11012.jpg
Cutline: This direct shear device determines the strength of different mixtures of soil, water and 1xbet online sports betting . The device simulates the stress that unpaved roads experience when cars and heavy machinery drive on them.
Video available: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6ZMjlNDx0U&list=ECC476237DAF61390B&index=14&feature=plpp_video
News release prepared by: Jennifer Tidball, 785-532-0847, jtorline@k-state.edu
Tuesday, Jan. 10, 2012
The path less traveled: Research is driving solutions to improve 1xbet online sports betting
MANHATTAN -- A Kansas State University graduate student sees the 1xbet online sports betting road ahead, and it's filled with biomaterial.
Wilson 1xbet online sports betting , master's student in civil engineering, Independence, Mo., is working with 1xbet online sports betting , a plant-based sustainable material that can be added to improve the quality of unpaved roads throughout Kansas.
More than 70 percent of the 98,000 miles of roads in Kansas are unpaved, 1xbet online sports betting said.
"One of the problems with unpaved roads is that they are made from loose granular soils with particles that are not bound to each other on the road surface," 1xbet online sports betting said. "This limits the speed of vehicles and often generates a lot of dust, denigrating the quality of the road."
But possible solutions could come from 1xbet online sports betting , a biomass product that is present in all plants, including wheat straw, sugar cane and corn stover. 1xbet online sports betting is a waste product from other industries, including the production of biofuel and paper. These industries take plant mass and use the process of hydrolysis to separate useful materials, including cellulose and hemicellulose, from 1xbet online sports betting .
"What we're trying to do is find new uses for this 1xbet online sports betting co-product, which ties into sustainability," Smith said.
Several properties make 1xbet online sports betting a valuable material. It is adhesive when it becomes moist, making it good for binding soil particles together and providing cohesion. As a result, 1xbet online sports betting works very well on unpaved roads by providing better support for vehicles and protecting the road from erosion.
Because Kansas is an agricultural state, 1xbet online sports betting is an abundant resource and has the potential to improve unpaved roads, leading to less maintenance costs throughout the state, Smith said.
"1xbet online sports betting can be extracted from many types of crop residue, and it can also be an extra source of income to farmers and the agricultural community if there is a demand for this crop residue," Smith said. "1xbet online sports betting is a sustainable product. It's 100 percent nontoxic, unlike traditional soil stabilizers such as flash or cement, which do have some heavy materials in them that could contaminate soil."
1xbet online sports betting is working under the direction of Dunja Peric, associate professor of civil engineering.
"Kansas is strategically positioned for using 1xbet online sports betting to stabilize unpaved roads," Peric said. "Kansas is located in the midst of the Great Plains, which is one of the largest wheat producing areas in the world. In addition, the construction of the nation's first commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol plant has recently begun in Hugoton."
For his research, Smith takes soil and mixes it with different amounts of water and 1xbet online sports betting . He is testing five different 1xbet online sports betting concentrations -- 2 percent, 4 percent, 6 percent, 9 percent and 14 percent -- to understand how different levels of 1xbet online sports betting affect the soil cohesion and, consequently, road erosion.
Smith then lets the mixture dry in a controlled environment for different periods of time to understand how much it increases the strength of the samples. Other members of Peric's research team have been testing the strength of 1xbet online sports betting samples immediately after they are mixed rather than allowing them to dry.
Once the materials are dry, 1xbet online sports betting uses a direct shear device to determine the strength of the different mixtures. The direct shear device simulates the stress that unpaved roads experience when cars and heavy machinery drive on them.
"When vehicles drive on unpaved roads, there is a lot of dust that is thrown into the air," Smith said. "In addition, travel is impaired because of raveling and washboarding, which are forms of soil collapse on the top surface of the road. These are all things that can be mitigated by 1xbet online sports betting because it holds the soil particles together and in place."
Based on early results, the materials with 1xbet online sports betting concentrations of 4 percent, 6 percent and 9 percent show the highest strength benefits. Smith will spend the spring semester further testing all of the different concentrations and how their strength develops with the amount of elapsed time.
"We want to get an exhaustive analysis of how the cohesion varies when you change the concentration of 1xbet online sports betting , the water content and the compaction," Smith said. "That will determine in the field, what percentage of 1xbet online sports betting is the best concentration to stabilize the soil."
1xbet online sports betting will give a research presentation titled "Feasibility of Using 1xbet online sports betting : Plant Derived Material for Stabilization of Unpaved Roads" at the Capitol Graduate Research Summit in Topeka in February.
